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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>CLKs' understanding and ability to make use of relational affordances and the learner-internal aspects, were crucial. Researchers from TS and ZL for instance, cited their relationship with their local professor as a major factor in their rational decision to avoid criticising a strict prof (see examples 2).<br><br>This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on key pragmatic topics including:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is widely used in pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but it also has its disadvantages. The DCT for instance, cannot account cultural and individual variations. Furthermore it is also the case that the DCT is prone to bias and could lead to overgeneralizations. It should be carefully analyzed before it is used for research or assessment.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a useful tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability to manipulate the social variables that are relevant to politeness in two or more steps can be a benefit. This feature can help researchers to study the role played by prosody in communication across different cultural contexts, a major challenge in cross-cultural pragmatics.<br><br>In the field of linguistics, the DCT has become one of the most significant instruments for analyzing learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to study various issues, including the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical choices. It can be used to assess the level of phonological sophistication in learners' speech.<br><br>Recent research utilized an DCT as tool to evaluate the refusal skills of EFL students. Participants were given a set of scenarios to choose from, and then asked to select the appropriate response. The authors found the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods, such as a questionnaire or video recordings. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT must be used with caution. They also recommended using other methods of data collection.<br><br>DCTs are often designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like content and form. These criteria are intuitive and are based on the assumptions of the test developers. They may not be accurate, and they may misrepresent the way that ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interaction. This issue calls for more research into alternative methods of assessing refusal ability.<br><br>A recent study examined DCT responses to requests made by students through email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that the DCT was more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and made a less frequent use of hints than the email data did.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study explored Chinese learners' choices in their use of Korean using a variety of experimental tools, such as Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate level who responded to MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to consider their evaluations and refusal performance in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs are more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms. Their decisions were influenced by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing lives and their relationships. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.<br><br>The MQ data were analyzed to identify the participants' pragmatic choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance on the DCTs in order to determine if they were indicative of pragmatic resistance. The interviewees also had to explain why they chose the pragmatic approach in certain situations.<br><br>The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were examined using descriptive statistics and z tests. It was found that the CLKs often resorted to euphemistic responses such as "sorry" and "thank you." This is likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language, which led to an insufficient understanding of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for converging to L1 or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations. In situations 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1- and L2-pragmatic norms, while in Situation 14 CLKs favored convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted in a one-to-one manner within two days after the participants had completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two independent coders. Coding was an iterative process, in which the coders read and discussed each transcript. The results of coding were evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how the RIs were able to capture the fundamental behaviors.<br><br>Interviews with Refusal<br><br>One of the major questions in pragmatic research is why some learners are hesitant to adhere to the pragmatic norms of native speakers. A recent study sought to answer this question employing a variety of research instruments, including DCTs, MQs and  [https://thesocialdelight.com/story3477565/8-tips-to-boost-your-pragmatic-free-trial-meta-game 프라그마틱 카지노] 무료체험 슬롯버프 ([https://brightbookmarks.com/story18269406/12-stats-about-pragmatic-free-trial-slot-buff-to-make-you-look-smart-around-the-cooler-cooler simply click Brightbookmarks]) RIs. Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities. The participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or their L2. Then they were invited to attend a RI where they were required to think about their responses to the DCT situations.<br><br>The results showed that CLKs on average,  [https://health-lists.com/story18664734/9-what-your-parents-taught-you-about-pragmatic-authenticity-verification 프라그마틱 불법] 슬롯무료 [[https://bookmarkfavors.com/story3555210/a-how-to-guide-for-pragmatic-from-start-to-finish just click brightbookmarks.com]] did not adhere to the norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did so even though they could produce native-like patterns. Furthermore, they were clearly aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal factors such as their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities. They also referred to external factors, like relationship affordances. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors facilitated a more relaxed performance with respect to the intercultural and linguistic norms of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or penalties they could be subject to when their social norms were not followed. They were worried that their native friends may view them as "foreignersand consider them unintelligent. This was a concern similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are not the default preference of Korean learners. They could remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should consider reassessing the applicability of these tests in various cultural contexts and in specific situations. This will help them better understand the effect of different cultural contexts on the classroom behavior and interactions of students in L2. This will also help educators develop better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is an investigative strategy that uses participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. This method makes use of various sources of data, such as documents, interviews, and observations to support its findings. This kind of research can be used to examine unique or complex topics that are difficult for other methods to measure.<br><br>The first step in a case study is to define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help you determine which aspects of the topic must be investigated and which ones can be skipped. It is also helpful to review existing literature related to the subject to gain a broad knowledge of the subject and place the case in a broader theoretical context.<br><br>This study was based on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50] and its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the test revealed that the L2 Korean students were highly susceptible to native models. They tended to select wrong answer options that were literal interpretations of the prompts, thereby ignoring the correct pragmatic inference. They also showed a strong tendency of adding their own words or "garbage" to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their responses.<br><br>The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had attained level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second university year and were aiming to attain level six on their next attempt. They were asked questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding and perception of the world.<br><br>Interviewees were presented with two scenarios that involved interaction with their co-workers and were asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making an offer. They were then asked to provide the reasons behind their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities. For example, TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to, and so she did not want to inquire about the well-being of her friend with a heavy workload despite her belief that native Koreans would ask.