Toggle menu
Toggle personal menu
Not logged in
Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits.

Five Killer Quora Answers On Pod-Making Machines: Difference between revisions

From Alternative Lifestyle Wiki
mNo edit summary
mNo edit summary
 
(40 intermediate revisions by 39 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
Detergent [https://coffeeeuk33029.bloggosite.com/34756201/beware-of-these-trends-about-best-coffee-pod-machine Pod-Making Machines]<br><br>There are a variety of pod machines that are available, from K-Cup (r) and Tassimo (tm) to Nespresso (tm) or Senseo(tm). They all function in the same manner by heating water by pressing the button.<br><br>The [https://www-coffeee-uk52992.ssnblog.com/27889629/15-reasons-you-shouldn-t-ignore-pod-and-bean-coffee-machine pod coffee machines]-making procedure is more complex however, it is still simple enough to complete by yourself. Here are a few points to look out for when buying a pod-making device:<br><br>Detergent Pod Manufacturing<br><br>Detergent pods are practical and efficient. They are also green. How do they get them made? The process is surprisingly straightforward. A single-dose capsule is filled with a dissolvable water-soluble film. This film is typically made from polyvinyl alcohol, which dissolves in water and leaves no residue on clothing. The detergent formula also contains chelating agents that soften hard water, reduce the degradation of detergents and optical brighteners for whites.<br><br>The sachets are then sealed to protect the contents from contamination and moisture while in storage, transportation and even during use. Laundry pod manufacturers use high-speed production techniques to keep up with demand. They can produce between 600 and 240 pods every minute. This ensures that the product is delivered according to deadlines.<br><br>While many of these items are manufactured by third-party companies, Tide makes some of its own pods. The company uses only high-quality ingredients made in the USA and does not import cheaper substitutes. It also takes steps in order to trace and verify the raw ingredients.<br><br>A laundry pod maker machine includes a product hopper that stores detergent until it is required. A precision dispenser then fills each pod to the exact amount of detergent. Then, the machine heats seals each pod. The machine's patented design protects the film's water solubility while routine inspections preserve 0.02ml filling accuracy.<br><br>In addition to PVA The pod films also contain other ingredients that help them fend against liquids and also impart other properties, including the ability to taste terrible. For instance, MonoSol uses Bitrex, an ammonium quaternary compound that is known as denatonium. This chemical is so bitter that it could repel humans at concentrations as low as 0.01%. It also deter children and pets from putting sachets of the chemical in their mouths.<br><br>When you're not using your laundry pods, keep them away from the away from children and pets. Keeping them away from light and moisture prevents their ingredients from degrading prematurely, while proper storage conditions can extend the life of the detergent inside the pod. Always dispose of laundry pods properly after use.<br><br>Detergent Packaging for Pods<br><br>Detergent pods have become a craze, gobbling up market share in dishwasher and laundry detergents as well as personal care products like shampoo. They contain a concentrated mixture of surfactants, other cleaning ingredients and a water-soluble coating. They are convenient to use, simple to store and are a safe alternative to liquid detergents.<br><br>Pods aren't like the traditional detergent containers made from PET plastic, which may contain harmful chemicals, such as 1,4 dioxane. Instead, they contain an assortment of harsh chemicals, surrounded by a polyvinyl-alcohol film. The chemicals used in these containers can differ based on the brand. They may include surfactants and bleaches as well as solvents, optical brighteners or enzymes. The manufacturers list these ingredients on their websites.<br><br>The PVA used in the film to encase the pods is biodegradable, and is listed on the Environmental Protection Agency's CleanGredients database. It also earned the Nordic Swan Eco-label, which is one of the most rigorous ecolabels that are independent. The EPA notes that it can be broken down to simple, natural compounds by microorganisms found in the soil and wastewater treatment plants.<br><br>Laundry pods are a popular alternative to liquid detergents, and a variety of brands offer an array of options, from basic laundry detergent to stain removers and fabric softeners. In the US, they make up 15 percent of the sales of household detergent according to a study by Nohbo.<br><br>Most pods consist of a single amount of laundry detergent, but some include extras like fabric softeners, stain removers, and scent boosters. Some manufacturers also include anti-bacterial properties in the detergent to help fight bacteria.<br><br>Many have complained that laundry pods don't dissolve completely, despite their usefulness. This can happen if you overfill the washer tub or use water that is unusually cool or if you introduce the pods too early in the cycle. It could also be due to the consumer isn't aware of the instructions, as the pods require a specific temperature and pressure to dissolve.<br><br>The pods are not toys. Therefore, consumers should keep them in a secure location and keep them out of reach of children. They should also be empty before being put into the dishwasher or washing [https://coffeee-uk76929.blogdon.net/the-lesser-known-benefits-of-coffee-machines-with-pods-44489476 coffee machine with capsules]. Recycling the packaging as soon as possible can help reduce waste and avoid pollution.<br><br>Detergent Pod Filling<br><br>Laundry pods are quickly replacing traditional liquid detergents in the household cleaning market. The adorable little packets are easy to use and don't require any measurements. They are also available in various sizes and strengths. Depending on your laundry needs you can select from single-dose laundry detergent pods, multi-compartment pods, or even powder detergent pods.<br><br>The thin film that encapsulates pods is the key to their success. It must maintain its shape while retaining chemically active liquids and solids, but it must be able to dissolve quickly and completely in water--even cold water. Many companies have settled on a polymer known as PVA which has both of these properties. The remainder of the pod contains a mix of powerful detergents, bleaches, solvents, optical brighteners, enzymes and preservatives. Typically, manufacturers disclose their detergents' ingredients.<br><br>Pods are made of plant-based polymers, unlike powder and liquid detergents that are packaged in high density plastic. Microbes are able to break down these polymers in soil or ocean water. According to researchers at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, PVA is broken down in less than 70 days in sewage sludge. This is significantly faster than conventional detergent, which takes hundreds of years to be degraded.<br><br>While laundry pods have revolutionized the laundry industry, they're not without their disadvantages. For one thing, they're more expensive than powder and liquid detergents. Plus, if you accidentally lick a pod while handling it, you'll be greeted with a sour taste and a chemical burn.<br><br>Another disadvantage is that they're not as versatile as traditional detergents. The laundry pods are restricted to the wash cycle specified on the packaging. This can be a problem for front-loading or top-loading washing [https://coffeee36551.jiliblog.com/85748849/this-week-s-most-remarkable-stories-concerning-capsule-machine-coffee coffee machines with capsules] with automatic fabric softener and detergent dispensers. If your machine is equipped with an drum, pods may not dissolve correctly.<br><br>If you're interested in experimenting with laundry pods, speak to a local laundromat about the [https://coffeee32356.tinyblogging.com/15-weird-hobbies-that-ll-make-you-more-successful-at-pods-coffee-machine-72087687 best coffee machines with pods] choice for your [https://coffeee-uk88247.ambien-blog.com/34474974/20-resources-to-make-you-better-at-coffee-machines-with-pods coffee machine and pods] and clothes. Always read the instructions. If your clothes are stained or spots after washing them with a pod don't add any more detergent. Don't put your detergent-stained clothes in dryers because the heat will make the stains harder to remove later.<br><br>Detergent Pods Inspection<br><br>Laundry detergent pods are popular because they dissolve quickly and effectively in hot water. They also remove the stains from all fabrics. The pods aren't free of controversy. Many activists call them plastic and they are a growing source of marine debris. While it is true that polyvinyl and PVOH, which are used to make the pods, are made from oil, the producers claim that these plastics aren't as much of a threat as other types because they biodegrade when placed into water.<br><br>Since their introduction in 2012, laundry pods have grown in popularity. They now account for over three-quarters of liquid detergent sales in the United America. Numerous major brands are now selling the sachets, which are similar in size to an ice cube, and they come in a variety of scents and colors. The pods, which are marketed as eco friendly, are a result of the high concentration of detergent that is pre-measured amount. According to the Cleaning Institute, which represents large multinationals such as Procter and Gamble, this results in less packaging and weight, and lower shipping emission. The manufacturers claim that the starches found in the pods as well as other natural materials make them biodegradable and water-soluble. in water treatment plants.<br><br>The pods can still be risky if handled incorrectly despite all the hype. The thin membranes that hold the detergent may break easily and cause irritation to the skin or eyes, and if ingested by large amounts, they could cause poisoning by chemical. Additionally, the outer packaging designed to keep children from accessing the pods is easily ripped at the zipper track. Consumer Reports asked manufacturers to make pods more secure in September 2012 by converting the transparent containers to opaque ones, and introducing child-proof locks. Several manufacturers responded, and a few have added additional safety warnings.<br><br>In the meantime, to avoid any problems, keep the pods out of the reach of children and seniors and away from pets. Keep them in a high place or lock them away to prevent children from mistaking the pods as candy. Also, make sure you use a detergent compatible with your type of washer. Also, be aware that cold water--especially when it's lower than 60 degrees Fahrenheit--might not fully dissolve the pod, and it could create a blockage for your machine or result in detergent residue on your fabric.
Detergent [https://coffeee-uk26882.wizzardsblog.com/28461521/don-t-buy-into-these-trends-concerning-capsule-coffee-machine-uk Pod-Making Machines]<br><br>There are many different pod machines to choose from, ranging from K-Cup (r) and Tassimo (tm) to Nespresso (tm) or Senseo(tm). They all function in the same way by heating water by pressing the button.<br><br>The process of making pods is more complicated however, it is still simple enough to do yourself. Here are a few points to look out for when buying a [https://wwwcoffeeeuk77709.tkzblog.com/28315400/20-best-capsule-coffee-machine-websites-that-are-taking-the-internet-by-storm pod coffee maker]-making device:<br><br>Detergent Pod Manufacturing<br><br>Detergent pods are convenient, efficient, and eco-friendly. How are they made? The process is surprisingly straightforward. A single-dose pod contains a dissolvable film that dissolves when in contact with water. This film is usually composed of polyvinyl alcohol, which dissolves easily in water and does not leave any traces on clothes. The detergent formula also contains chelating agents that soften hard water, decrease detergent degradation and optical brighteners for whites.<br><br>The sachets then get sealed to protect the contents from contamination and moisture during storage, transport, and use. Laundry [https://coffeee97292.snack-blog.com/28375201/20-tools-that-will-make-you-better-at-coffee-machines-with-pods best coffee pod machine] makers utilize advanced production techniques to meet the demand. They can produce between 600 and 240 pods each minute. This ensures that the products meet deadlines.<br><br>While many of these products are made by third-party companies, Tide makes some of its own pods. Tide uses only top-quality ingredients that are made in the United States and does not import cheaper substitutes. It also is able to identify and verify its raw ingredients.<br><br>A machine for making laundry pods comes with a product hopper, which holds liquid detergent until it is required. Then, a precisely-sized dispenser fills each pod with a precise amount of detergent. The machine then heat seals each pod. The machine's patented design protects the film's water solubility while routine inspections ensure 0.02ml filling accuracy.<br><br>In addition to PVA The pod films also contain other ingredients that help them fend against liquids and also impart other properties, including the ability to taste terrible. MonoSol, for example, uses Bitrex - a quaternary compound of ammonium known as denatonium. The chemical is so bitter that it is able to repel humans at concentrations as low as 0.01 percent. It also deter children and pets from putting sachets into their mouths.<br><br>If you don't use the laundry pods, keep them away from pets and children. Keeping them away from light and moisture prevents their ingredients from degrading prematurely, while proper storage conditions will prolong the time of the detergent within the pod. Additionally, it is important to remove laundry pods from the premises after use.<br><br>Detergent [https://coffeee-uk34244.collectblogs.com/73907554/what-experts-in-the-field-want-you-to-know pod and bean coffee machine] Packaging<br><br>Detergent pods are a booming trend that is gaining market share for laundry and dishwasher detergents, as well as personal products like shampoo. They contain a concentrated mixture of surfactants and other cleaning ingredients that are encapsulated in a water-soluble film. They are convenient to use, convenient to store, and are a safer alternative to liquid detergents.<br><br>Unlike traditional detergent containers, made of PET plastic, and may contain harmful chemicals, such as 1,4-dioxane, pods are an assortment of harsh chemicals enclosed by a layer of polyvinyl alcohol. Based on the brand, these chemicals might include bleaches, surfactants optical brighteners, solvents, enzymes and fragrances. These ingredients are available on the websites of the manufacturers.<br><br>The PVA film used to protect pods is biodegradable and included in the CleanGredients database of the Environmental Protection Agency. It also has received the Nordic Swan eco-label, one of the most stringent ecolabels in existence. The EPA states that it is broken down into simple, natural substances found in soil and wastewater plants.<br><br>Laundry pods offer an alternative to liquid detergent. There are many brands that offer a range of products, ranging from basic detergents to fabric softeners to stain removal products. According to an Nohbo study, in the US laundry pods make up 15% of household soap sales.<br><br>Most pods contain a single dose, however some contain fabric softeners, stain removers, as as scent boosters. Many manufacturers add anti-bacterial ingredients to the detergent to fend off bacteria, as well.<br><br>Despite their benefits Some people have complained that laundry pods don't dissolve completely. This can happen if you overfill the washer tub, use water that is unusually cool or you add the pods to earlier in the cycle. This can also happen if a consumer doesn't read the instructions, as the pods require a certain temperature and pressure to dissolve.<br><br>Pods are not toys. Therefore, people must store them in a secure place and keep them from children. Also, they must be cleaned of their contents prior to placing them in the dishwasher or washing machine. The packaging that is left behind should be recycled as quickly as possible to prevent pollution and reduce the amount of waste.<br><br>Detergent Filling of Pods<br><br>Laundry pods are fast replacing liquid detergents that are traditionally available in the cleaning market for households. The tiny packets are easy and convenient to use, and they don't require measuring. They are available in various sizes and strengths. Based on the needs of your laundry you can pick from single-dose laundry detergent pods, multi-compartment Pods or even powder detergent pods.<br><br>The secret to pods is their thin encapsulating film. It needs to keep its shape while retaining chemically active liquids and solids, however, it must dissolve quickly and completely in water - even cold water. Many companies have settled on a polymer called PVA that has both of these properties. The rest of the pod is made up of powerful detergents, bleaches and solvents. It also has optical brighteners, preservatives enzymes and preservatives. Manufacturers usually disclose the ingredients of their detergents.<br><br>Pods are made from plant-based polymers. They are not like powder and liquid detergents which are packaged in high density plastic. Microbes can break down these polymers in soil or water. According to scientists from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, PVA breaks down in less than 70 days in sewage sludge. This is a lot faster than conventional detergents, which can take hundreds of years to break down.<br><br>While laundry pods have revolutionized the world of laundry, they're not without their disadvantages. For one thing, they're more expensive than liquid and powder detergents. In addition, if you accidentally take a pod in your hands when handling it, you'll be confronted by a bitter taste and an abrasion to the chemical.<br><br>Another drawback is that they're not as versatile as traditional detergents. Using a laundry pod limits your washing options to the specific cycle specified on the package, which could be problematic in the case of top-loading or front-loading washer with an automatic fabric softener or detergent dispenser. If your machine is equipped with an agitator, the pods might not disintegrate properly.<br><br>Contact your local laundromat for the [https://coffeeeuk07083.gynoblog.com/28044535/what-a-weekly-coffee-machine-for-pods-project-can-change-your-life best coffee pod machine] option. Always follow the directions. If your clothes are streaked or stained after washing with a pod, immediately wash them, without adding additional detergent. Don't put your detergent-stained clothes in dryers, as the heat will make the stain more difficult to remove later.<br><br>Detergent Pods Inspection<br><br>Laundry detergents pods are very popular due to their ability to dissolve quickly and efficiently in hot, soapy water and remove stains on most fabrics. However they aren't without controversy. Many activists label them plastic and they are a rising source of litter and marine debris. While it is true that polyvinyl and PVOH that are used to create the pods, are made from oil, the manufacturers claim that the plastics do not pose as much of a threat as other kinds because they biodegrade when placed in water.<br><br>Since their introduction in 2012 the laundry pods have grown in popularity. They now account for nearly three-quarters of the sales of liquid detergent in the United America. Many major brands now sell the sachets, which are comparable in size as an ice cube and come in various colors and scents. The pods, marketed as eco-friendly are the result of the concentration of detergent that is pre-measured amount. According to the Cleaning Institute, which represents large multinationals such as Procter and Gamble, this results in less packaging and weight and a lower emission from shipping. The manufacturers claim that the starches found in the pods as well as other natural substances make them biodegradable and water-soluble. in water treatment facilities.<br><br>The pods are still risky if handled incorrectly despite all the hype. The thin membranes that hold the detergent are able to break and cause irritation to eyes and skin. If inhaled they could also trigger chemical poisoning. The outer packaging that is designed to keep children out of the pods may also split at the zipper track. In September 2012, Consumer Reports called on manufacturers to ensure the safety of their pods by switching their transparent containers to opaque ones and adding child-resistant latches. A number of manufacturers responded and added additional safety warnings.<br><br>In the meantime, to avoid any issues to avoid problems, keep the pods out of the reach of seniors and children and away from pets. Keep them in a high place or secure them to ensure that children don't mistake the pods for candy. Also, make sure you use a detergent that is compatible with your particular washer. Be aware that cold water - especially when it's below 60 degrees Fahrenheit - may not dissolve the pod and could cause a blockage in your machine or leave detergent residue on your fabric.

Latest revision as of 20:31, 6 November 2024

Detergent Pod-Making Machines

There are many different pod machines to choose from, ranging from K-Cup (r) and Tassimo (tm) to Nespresso (tm) or Senseo(tm). They all function in the same way by heating water by pressing the button.

The process of making pods is more complicated however, it is still simple enough to do yourself. Here are a few points to look out for when buying a pod coffee maker-making device:

Detergent Pod Manufacturing

Detergent pods are convenient, efficient, and eco-friendly. How are they made? The process is surprisingly straightforward. A single-dose pod contains a dissolvable film that dissolves when in contact with water. This film is usually composed of polyvinyl alcohol, which dissolves easily in water and does not leave any traces on clothes. The detergent formula also contains chelating agents that soften hard water, decrease detergent degradation and optical brighteners for whites.

The sachets then get sealed to protect the contents from contamination and moisture during storage, transport, and use. Laundry best coffee pod machine makers utilize advanced production techniques to meet the demand. They can produce between 600 and 240 pods each minute. This ensures that the products meet deadlines.

While many of these products are made by third-party companies, Tide makes some of its own pods. Tide uses only top-quality ingredients that are made in the United States and does not import cheaper substitutes. It also is able to identify and verify its raw ingredients.

A machine for making laundry pods comes with a product hopper, which holds liquid detergent until it is required. Then, a precisely-sized dispenser fills each pod with a precise amount of detergent. The machine then heat seals each pod. The machine's patented design protects the film's water solubility while routine inspections ensure 0.02ml filling accuracy.

In addition to PVA The pod films also contain other ingredients that help them fend against liquids and also impart other properties, including the ability to taste terrible. MonoSol, for example, uses Bitrex - a quaternary compound of ammonium known as denatonium. The chemical is so bitter that it is able to repel humans at concentrations as low as 0.01 percent. It also deter children and pets from putting sachets into their mouths.

If you don't use the laundry pods, keep them away from pets and children. Keeping them away from light and moisture prevents their ingredients from degrading prematurely, while proper storage conditions will prolong the time of the detergent within the pod. Additionally, it is important to remove laundry pods from the premises after use.

Detergent pod and bean coffee machine Packaging

Detergent pods are a booming trend that is gaining market share for laundry and dishwasher detergents, as well as personal products like shampoo. They contain a concentrated mixture of surfactants and other cleaning ingredients that are encapsulated in a water-soluble film. They are convenient to use, convenient to store, and are a safer alternative to liquid detergents.

Unlike traditional detergent containers, made of PET plastic, and may contain harmful chemicals, such as 1,4-dioxane, pods are an assortment of harsh chemicals enclosed by a layer of polyvinyl alcohol. Based on the brand, these chemicals might include bleaches, surfactants optical brighteners, solvents, enzymes and fragrances. These ingredients are available on the websites of the manufacturers.

The PVA film used to protect pods is biodegradable and included in the CleanGredients database of the Environmental Protection Agency. It also has received the Nordic Swan eco-label, one of the most stringent ecolabels in existence. The EPA states that it is broken down into simple, natural substances found in soil and wastewater plants.

Laundry pods offer an alternative to liquid detergent. There are many brands that offer a range of products, ranging from basic detergents to fabric softeners to stain removal products. According to an Nohbo study, in the US laundry pods make up 15% of household soap sales.

Most pods contain a single dose, however some contain fabric softeners, stain removers, as as scent boosters. Many manufacturers add anti-bacterial ingredients to the detergent to fend off bacteria, as well.

Despite their benefits Some people have complained that laundry pods don't dissolve completely. This can happen if you overfill the washer tub, use water that is unusually cool or you add the pods to earlier in the cycle. This can also happen if a consumer doesn't read the instructions, as the pods require a certain temperature and pressure to dissolve.

Pods are not toys. Therefore, people must store them in a secure place and keep them from children. Also, they must be cleaned of their contents prior to placing them in the dishwasher or washing machine. The packaging that is left behind should be recycled as quickly as possible to prevent pollution and reduce the amount of waste.

Detergent Filling of Pods

Laundry pods are fast replacing liquid detergents that are traditionally available in the cleaning market for households. The tiny packets are easy and convenient to use, and they don't require measuring. They are available in various sizes and strengths. Based on the needs of your laundry you can pick from single-dose laundry detergent pods, multi-compartment Pods or even powder detergent pods.

The secret to pods is their thin encapsulating film. It needs to keep its shape while retaining chemically active liquids and solids, however, it must dissolve quickly and completely in water - even cold water. Many companies have settled on a polymer called PVA that has both of these properties. The rest of the pod is made up of powerful detergents, bleaches and solvents. It also has optical brighteners, preservatives enzymes and preservatives. Manufacturers usually disclose the ingredients of their detergents.

Pods are made from plant-based polymers. They are not like powder and liquid detergents which are packaged in high density plastic. Microbes can break down these polymers in soil or water. According to scientists from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, PVA breaks down in less than 70 days in sewage sludge. This is a lot faster than conventional detergents, which can take hundreds of years to break down.

While laundry pods have revolutionized the world of laundry, they're not without their disadvantages. For one thing, they're more expensive than liquid and powder detergents. In addition, if you accidentally take a pod in your hands when handling it, you'll be confronted by a bitter taste and an abrasion to the chemical.

Another drawback is that they're not as versatile as traditional detergents. Using a laundry pod limits your washing options to the specific cycle specified on the package, which could be problematic in the case of top-loading or front-loading washer with an automatic fabric softener or detergent dispenser. If your machine is equipped with an agitator, the pods might not disintegrate properly.

Contact your local laundromat for the best coffee pod machine option. Always follow the directions. If your clothes are streaked or stained after washing with a pod, immediately wash them, without adding additional detergent. Don't put your detergent-stained clothes in dryers, as the heat will make the stain more difficult to remove later.

Detergent Pods Inspection

Laundry detergents pods are very popular due to their ability to dissolve quickly and efficiently in hot, soapy water and remove stains on most fabrics. However they aren't without controversy. Many activists label them plastic and they are a rising source of litter and marine debris. While it is true that polyvinyl and PVOH that are used to create the pods, are made from oil, the manufacturers claim that the plastics do not pose as much of a threat as other kinds because they biodegrade when placed in water.

Since their introduction in 2012 the laundry pods have grown in popularity. They now account for nearly three-quarters of the sales of liquid detergent in the United America. Many major brands now sell the sachets, which are comparable in size as an ice cube and come in various colors and scents. The pods, marketed as eco-friendly are the result of the concentration of detergent that is pre-measured amount. According to the Cleaning Institute, which represents large multinationals such as Procter and Gamble, this results in less packaging and weight and a lower emission from shipping. The manufacturers claim that the starches found in the pods as well as other natural substances make them biodegradable and water-soluble. in water treatment facilities.

The pods are still risky if handled incorrectly despite all the hype. The thin membranes that hold the detergent are able to break and cause irritation to eyes and skin. If inhaled they could also trigger chemical poisoning. The outer packaging that is designed to keep children out of the pods may also split at the zipper track. In September 2012, Consumer Reports called on manufacturers to ensure the safety of their pods by switching their transparent containers to opaque ones and adding child-resistant latches. A number of manufacturers responded and added additional safety warnings.

In the meantime, to avoid any issues to avoid problems, keep the pods out of the reach of seniors and children and away from pets. Keep them in a high place or secure them to ensure that children don't mistake the pods for candy. Also, make sure you use a detergent that is compatible with your particular washer. Be aware that cold water - especially when it's below 60 degrees Fahrenheit - may not dissolve the pod and could cause a blockage in your machine or leave detergent residue on your fabric.